Bluetooth Evolution

Since its inception, the Bluetooth SIG has made significant effort to improve and promote the technology. In response to feedbacks on Bluetooth specification 1.1, the Bluetooth SIG has released versions 1.2 and 2.0 of the specifications. Enhancements of Bluetooth include high data rates, interference resistance, and security. As shown in the protocol stack, Bluetooth supports both voice and data, and audio communication can be built directly on top of baseband. Bluetooth audio communication provides two types of encoding schemes: PCM and continuously variable slope delta (CVSD). The voice channels support 64 Kbps. A piconet can have up to three simultaneous full duplex voice channels. For asymmetric data transmission, the data rate can be as high as 721 Kbps one way and 57.6 Kbps the other way. For symmetric data transmission, the maximum data rate is 432.6 Kbps. Bluetooth 1.2 and 2.0 are expected to support a maximum data rate of 2.1 Mbps. The 2.4-GHz ISM band is used by many wireless enabled devices; thus, the potential interference between Bluetooth devices and others such as wireless LANs has to
be addressed. Bluetooth 1.2 incorporates adaptive frequency hopping (AFH), which allows the selection of idle frequencies for frequency hopping, thereby improving resistance to interference.

Bluetooth security has been criticized to some extent due to the user’s lack of total control over wireless connections and data transmission. Bluetooth provides link-level authentication and encryption using unit address, a secret authentication key, a secret privacy key, and a random number. A number of concerns have been raised over Bluetooth security mechanisms as a result of a few proof-of-concept attacks on communication and user data, such as Bluesnarfing and Bluejacking.

Source of Information : Elsevier Wireless Networking Complete 2010

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